HOW ANTIBIOTICS ARE MADE

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......The overwhelming majority of antibiotics are made from living organisms such as bacteria about 90% of antibiotics are isolated from bacteria fungi, and molds. Others are produced synthetically, either in whole or in part.

......At one time all antibiotics were made from living organisms. This process, known as bio-synthesis, is still used in the manufacture of a number of antibiotics. In this method, it is actually the organisms themselves that manufacture the antibiotic. The laboratory technician merely provides favorable conditions for the organisms to multiply, and then extracts the drug. For example, mold organisms are placed in a medium (a substance used for the growth of microorganisms) such as corn liquor to which milk sugar has been added. This mixture forms a liquid that is put into a tank, which is kept at a temperature of25 degrees Centigrade (77 degrees Fahrenheit) and shaken for over 100 hours.The mold organisms multiply rapidly in this warm liquid, producing penicillin the process.

......All types of penicillin have an identical ring. However, in each type of penicillin, the chemical chain attached to the ring is different. By modifying the molecules of the chain, scientists are able to create drugs with a wide range of effects on a variety of organisms. Some of these drugs are useful in treating infections.

......Pharmaceutical companies use computer-generated images of the rings and experiment with a countless variety of possible chains. Researchers have developed antibiotics with long half-lives (period of effectiveness), which means that the medication can be taken every 24 hours instead of every few hours. The newer antibiotics are also more effective against a wider range of infections than were earlier drugs.

 
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About the third paragraph, does that mean all antibiotics are synthesized from Penicillin? Anyone know? I tried to look up whether or not that is indeed the case, but failed to find a question, one way or the other.

 
Great post XM!

They are also making target specific antimicrobial drugs that will kill only the harmfal bacteria and leave other protiens and bacteria alone, like the microorganisms found in the GI tract which are meant to be there.

When I was younger, I worked as a pharmacy tech in a hospital where some of the most expensive drugs were the antibiotic IV bags for intravenous therapy. They were around $1,100 a bag and a patient could go through those pretty quickly indeed = astronomical bill.

When my Uncle retired as a large animal veterinarian, he gave much of his equipment away but put his IV bags up for sale on E-Bay since they were so expensive.

 
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Continuing on with target specific cancer drugs, a new one called Crizotinib (for small-cell carcinoma lung cancer) which blocks the abnormal gene in mutation which causes the tumors to shrink if they can't keep generating the mutating cells.

Patients going through these kinds of Chemo therapy feel much better that normal Chemo patients because the drug leaves only a minimal amount of damaged cells behind.

 
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Have any of you felt a bad cold coming on and gone on line and purchase your own antibiotics? I only know the basic ones so I'd need some guidance I believe.

 
I am allergic as hell to penicillin and I wonder what that means, other than a lot of additional expense for the alternatives...??

 
Never thought I'd enjoy reading about how antibiotics are made but did I ever. Truly mind-blowing.

 
Weird, I never kew how the oringinated! From what I know, the less you take anti-biotics in your lifetime the better. Cus when you get really sick, and you really really need them, they will not work since you can get immune to them.

 
Raphael3289 said:
That's funny, exactly word for word, wow!
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I'm bored and wanted to relearn something. I haven't taken microbiology in 7 years. I've seen this post sitting here for months and was like, hey, let's see if I remember any of this. The bottom line is, antibiotics are made from the waste products of specially selected microorganisms. Maybe I'll do some research and write the soldier's version. Maybe add some extra things like all of the bacteria we can create and why it's so easy.

 
Antibotics - specially those i need to treat cystic fibrosis - are not that cheap. And it is crazy how many people, mainly children, don´t have the needed financial background to afford them - ending up suffering the short rest of their life - and then you find out what these things cost in production - wordless....

 
I use antibiotic cream for my eczema, it's effective, but use it too much and it loses its potency - as with all antibiotics. If I don't use it, I get itchy, bloody scabs/sores, so it's a must for me.

 
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